What is the standard VAT rate in the UK?

The standard UK VAT rate is 20%. It applies to most goods and services sold in the UK. The reduced rate is 5% (for items like home energy and children's car seats). The zero rate (0%) applies to food, books, and children's clothing.

How do I calculate VAT at 20% in the UK?

To add 20% VAT: Multiply the net price by 0.20 to get the VAT amount, then add it to the net price. For example: £100 net × 20% = £20 VAT → Total = £120. To extract VAT from a gross price: divide the gross by 6 (i.e., multiply by 20/120).

What goods are zero-rated for UK VAT?

Zero-rated (0%) goods in the UK include most food and drink (not restaurant meals), books and newspapers, children's clothing and footwear, public transport, and some medical supplies.

What is the reduced VAT rate in the UK?

The reduced UK VAT rate of 5% applies to domestic fuel and power (gas and electricity), installing energy-saving materials, children's car seats, some social housing, and certain welfare services.

Can I extract VAT from a price that already includes VAT?

Yes. Use the Extract VAT (Inclusive) mode. The formula is: VAT Amount = Gross Price × Rate ÷ (100 + Rate). For 20% VAT: Tax = Gross × 20 ÷ 120. Example: £120 gross → VAT = £20, Net = £100.

Free VAT Calculator UK — 20% Standard, 5% Reduced, 0% Zero Rated

🇬🇧 UK VAT Rates — Click to Apply

HMRC VAT Rates: Standard rate 20% applies to most goods and services · Reduced rate 5% applies to domestic energy, children's car seats, and some housing · Zero rate 0% applies to food, books, children's clothing, and public transport.

Enter Net Price (Before VAT)

VAT Rate (%)

Currency

Net Price

£0.00

Before VAT

VAT Amount

£0.00

@ 20%

Gross Price
£0.00
Including VAT

Full Breakdown

Net Price (excl. VAT)£0.00

VAT (20%)£0.00

Gross Price (incl. VAT)£0.00

UK VAT Rates — Click to Apply

20%

Standard

Reduced

Zero-rated

UK VAT Calculator — HMRC-Aligned, Free & Instant

Value Added Tax (VAT) in the United Kingdom is administered by HMRC. The standard rate of 20% applies to most goods and services. A reduced rate of 5% covers items like domestic fuel and children's car seats. A zero rate (0%) applies to food, books, children's clothing, and public transport. Use this calculator to add VAT to a net price or extract VAT from a VAT-inclusive gross price instantly.

VAT Rate	Category	Common Examples
20% — Standard	Most goods & services	Electronics, clothing (adults), restaurants, professional services
5% — Reduced	Essentials & welfare	Domestic gas/electricity, children's car seats, some residential housing, mobility aids
0% — Zero-rated	Necessities	Food & drink (not restaurant), books & newspapers, children's clothing, prescribed medicines, public transport
Exempt — N/A	Financial & education	Insurance, healthcare, private education — VAT not charged and not reclaimable

VAT Rate

UK VAT Calculator — HMRC-Aligned, Free & Instant

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UK VAT — Frequently Asked Questions